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''Harper's Magazine'' (also called ''Harper's'') is a monthly magazine of literature, politics, culture, finance, and the arts. Launched in June 1850, it is the second-oldest continuously published monthly magazine in the U.S. (''Scientific American'' is the oldest). The current editor is Ellen Rosenbush, who replaced Roger Hodge in January 2010. ''Harper's Magazine'' has won many National Magazine Awards. ==History== ''Harper's Magazine'' was launched as ''Harper's New Monthly Magazine'' in June 1850, by the New York City publisher Harper & Brothers; who also founded ''Harper's Bazaar'' magazine, later growing to become HarperCollins Publishing. The first press run, of 7,500 copies, sold out almost immediately; circulation was some 50,000 issues six months later. The early issues reprinted material pirated from English authors such as Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, and the Brontë sisters.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. History: Publishing Industry )〕 The magazine soon was publishing the work of American artists and writers, and in time commentary by the likes of Winston Churchill and Woodrow Wilson. Portions of Herman Melville's novel ''Moby Dick'' were first published in the October 1851 issue of ''Harper's'' under the title, "The Town-Ho's Story" (titled after Chapter 54 of ''Moby Dick'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=JiffyNotes: Moby Dick: Summary: Chapters 51 - 55 )〕 In 1962, Harper & Brothers merged with Row, Peterson & Company, becoming Harper & Row (now HarperCollins). In 1965, the magazine was separately incorporated, and became a division of the Minneapolis Star and Tribune Company, owned by the Cowles Media Company. In the 1970s, ''Harper's'' published Seymour Hersh's reporting of the My Lai Massacre by United States forces in Vietnam. In 1971 editor Willie Morris resigned under pressure from owner John Cowles, Jr., prompting resignations from many of the magazine’s star contributors and staffers, including Norman Mailer, David Halberstam, Robert Kotlowitz, Marshall Frady and Larry L. King: Robert Shnayerson, a senior editor at ''Time'' magazine, was hired to replace Morris as ''Harper's'' ninth editor, serving in that position from 1971 until 1976.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Harper's Magazine,'' "About This Issue," September 1971 )〕 Lewis H. Lapham served as managing editor from 1976 until 1981; he returned to the position again from 1983 until 2006. On June 17, 1980, the Star Tribune announced it would cease publishing ''Harper's Magazine'' after the August 1980 issue. But, on July 9, 1980, John R. MacArthur (who goes by the name Rick) and his father, Roderick, obtained pledges from the directorial boards of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Atlantic Richfield Company, and CEO Robert Orville Anderson to amass the $1.5 million needed to establish the Harper's Magazine Foundation. It now publishes the magazine.〔''Facts on File 1980 Yearbook,'' pp.501, 582〕 In 1984, Lapham and MacArthur—now publisher and president of the foundation—along with new executive editor Michael Pollan, redesigned ''Harper's'' and introduced the "Harper's Index" (statistics arranged for thoughtful effect), "Readings", and the "Annotation" departments to complement its fiction, essays, reportage, and reviews. As of the March 2011 issue, contributing editor Zadie Smith, a noted British author, writes the print edition's ''New Books'' column. Under the Lapham-MacArthur leadership, ''Harper's'' magazine continued publishing literary fiction by the likes of John Updike, George Saunders, and others. Politically, ''Harper's'' was an especially vocal critic of U.S. domestic and foreign policies. Editor Lapham's monthly "Notebook" columns have lambasted the Clinton and the George W. Bush administrations. Since 2003, the magazine has concentrated on reportage about U.S. war in Iraq, with long articles about the battle for Fallujah, and the cronyism of the American reconstruction of Iraq. Other reporting has covered abortion issues, cloning, and global warming.〔''An American Album: One Hundred and Fifty Years of Harper's Magazine'', a 712-page illustrated anthology, with an introduction by Lewis H. Lapham and a foreword by Arthur Schlesinger Jr.〕 In 2007, ''Harper's'' added the ''No Comment'' blog, by attorney Scott Horton, about legal controversies, Central Asian politics, and German studies. In April 2006, ''Harper's'' began publishing the ''Washington Babylon'' blog on its website,〔() 〕 written by Washington Editor Ken Silverstein about American politics; and in 2008, ''Harper's'' added the ("Sentences" ) blog, by contributing editor Wyatt Mason, about literature and ''belles lettres.'' Since that time these two blogs have ceased publication. Another website feature, composed by a rotating set of authors, is the ''Weekly Review'', single-sentence summaries of political, scientific, and bizarre news; like the ''Harper's Index'' and "Findings" in the print edition of the magazine, the ''Weekly Review'' items are arranged for ironic contrast. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harper's Magazine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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